Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Methanolic Extract of Ocimum Gratissimum (Labiate) on Experimental Animals

The Methanolic leaves extract of Ocimum gratissimum was investigated for anti-inflammatory effects in rats. The model used to study the effect on anti-inflammatory is Formalin Induced rat paw edema. The extract demonstrated a significant (P< 0.001) anti-inflammatory activity at all the doses (50,100 and 200 mg/kg body weight i.p.) tested group and standard group (aspirin 20mg/kg) compared to control normal saline. The significant (P< 0.001) anti-inflammatory activity exhibited by the extract at all the doses used (50, 100, and 200mg/kg body weight extract i.p.) against edema induced by formalin in rats compared to the control group was an indication that, the plant might serve as a useful source of anti-inflammatory agent. The intra-peritoneal LD50 value of the extract was 1285.5mg/kg body weight in mice. Preliminary phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, tannins and flavonoids. The results suggest the extract contained pharmacologically active principles, and supports the local application of the plant in painful conditions. Further studies may reveal the exact mechanisms of action responsible for the anti-inflammatory activity of O. gratissimum leaves extract.